Valletta's fortified old town
A UNESCO World Heritage city built by the Knights of St John.
Country book · Europe
Limestone fortresses in the middle of the Mediterranean
Malta packs seven thousand years of history — Neolithic temples, Knights of St John fortresses, British colonial streets — onto an archipelago smaller than most cities. English and Maltese are spoken side by side under a near-permanent Mediterranean sun.
Myths
Actually true
The country really is bilingual
Maltese and English are both official languages, and most people switch fluidly between the two.
Village festas are taken extremely seriously
Each town's patron saint festival features fireworks competitions and rival marching bands with fierce local pride.
Malta has some of the oldest freestanding structures on Earth
Its megalithic temples, like Ħaġar Qim, predate both Stonehenge and the Egyptian pyramids.
The Knights of St John left a massive architectural legacy
Valletta's fortifications and palaces were built almost entirely under the Order's rule in the 16th century.
Commonly believed, wrong
"Malta is basically part of Italy"
It has its own Semitic-rooted language, distinct history of British rule, and separate cultural identity despite Sicilian proximity.
"It's just a small beach destination"
Malta's history spans Phoenician, Roman, Arab, Norman, Knights and British periods, layered across a tiny footprint.
"Everyone there is on holiday"
Malta has a dense resident population and one of the highest population densities in Europe.
"There isn't much to eat beyond fish"
Rabbit stew, pastizzi and Maltese bread reflect a very land-based, historically poor-farmer cuisine too.
Highlights
A UNESCO World Heritage city built by the Knights of St John.
Turquoise, shallow water between Malta and Gozo.
A walled medieval hilltop city with almost no traffic.
Neolithic megalithic temples older than the pyramids.
Culture
Each town celebrates its patron saint with fireworks, brass bands and street parties.
Baroque churches and fortifications built by the Order still dominate the skyline.
Brightly painted traditional boats with painted eyes still fish daily.
A Semitic language written in Latin script, unique among European tongues.
Food
Flaky pastry filled with ricotta or mushy peas, eaten as a snack any time of day.
Rabbit braised in wine and garlic, considered the national dish.
A dense, ring-shaped bread stuffed with tuna, capers and tomato.
A garlicky fish soup traditionally served on Fridays.
Deep-fried date-filled pastries, a beloved street sweet.
History
1494 — 1568
Grand Master of the Knights of St John who founded Valletta after the Great Siege of 1565.
1916 — 2012
Postwar prime minister who negotiated Malta's independence path and reshaped its politics.
1911 — 1980
Led Malta to independence from Britain in 1964 as its first prime minister.
Cities
The fortified baroque capital.
Open the city book →
The silent walled former capital.
Modern seafront promenade and shopping.
Hilltop citadel on the quieter sister island.
Nightlife and harbourside dining hub.