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Country book · Europe

Greece

The cradle of Western civilization, still living

Greece invented democracy, theatre and the Olympics, then kept living life around a table of olives, fish and long conversation. Between three thousand islands and ruins that still hold their marble against the sky, it remains one of the world's great open-air museums with a thoroughly modern soul.

Myths

What's true, what isn't

Actually true

  • The Acropolis has stood for nearly 2,500 years

    The Parthenon was completed in 438 BC and still dominates the Athens skyline despite wars, explosions and centuries of weather.

  • Greece really has over 6,000 islands

    Only around 200 are inhabited, but the Aegean and Ionian seas are scattered with them.

  • The Olympics began here and never really stopped

    The ancient games started in 776 BC at Olympia, and the modern Olympics revived in Athens in 1896.

  • The meal really can last three hours

    Greek dining is built around slow, shared meze plates, not a quick sit-down-and-leave affair.

Commonly believed, wrong

  • "All Greek islands look like Santorini"

    Crete, Corfu, Naxos and hundreds of others have completely different landscapes, from green mountains to volcanic cliffs.

  • "Greek food is just gyros and salad"

    Regional Greek cuisine spans hundreds of stews, pies and seafood dishes far beyond tourist staples.

  • "Greece is a small, minor country historically"

    Its philosophy, mathematics, drama and political systems underpin much of Western civilization.

  • "Modern Greeks worship the ancient gods"

    Greece has been overwhelmingly Orthodox Christian for over a thousand years, though ancient mythology remains a point of pride.

Highlights

The best of Greece

The Acropolis and Parthenon

Marble ruins crowning Athens, visible from nearly every rooftop in the city.

Santorini's caldera

White cliffside villages perched above a sunken volcanic crater.

Meteora's monasteries

Byzantine monasteries built atop soaring sandstone pillars.

Crete's Samaria Gorge

One of Europe's longest gorges, a full-day hike to a remote southern beach.

Culture

Cultural riches

Philoxenia (hospitality)

A cultural value dating to ancient times treating guests as sacred and welcome without question.

Orthodox Easter

Greece's most important holiday, with candlelit midnight processions and roasted lamb feasts.

Rembetiko music

A blues-like genre born among refugees in the 1920s, still played in tavernas today.

Ancient theatre tradition

Epidaurus's amphitheater still hosts performances with perfect acoustics after 2,300 years.

Food

What to eat

Moussaka

Layered eggplant, spiced meat and béchamel baked until golden.

Souvlaki

Grilled skewered meat wrapped in pita with tomato, onion and tzatziki.

Horiatiki (Greek salad)

Tomato, cucumber, olive and a slab of feta, dressed simply in olive oil.

Spanakopita

Flaky phyllo pastry filled with spinach and feta.

Baklava

Layered phyllo with nuts and honey syrup, a dessert shared across the former Ottoman world.

Music

World-famous voices

Mikis Theodorakis

Composer of "Zorba".

Nana Mouskouri

One of the best-selling singers ever.

Vangelis

Oscar-winning composer.

Demis Roussos

70s international star.

Marina Satti

Modern Greek pop with folk roots.

History

Important people in history

Pericles

c. 495 — 429 BC

Athenian statesman who presided over the city's golden age, including the building of the Parthenon.

Alexander the Great

356 — 323 BC

Macedonian king who built an empire stretching from Greece to India by age 30.

Eleftherios Venizelos

1864 — 1936

Modern Greece's most influential prime minister, shaped its borders and institutions in the early 20th century.

Cities

Most popular cities

Athens

Ancient ruins beneath a modern, chaotic, lively capital.

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Santorini

Caldera views and cliffside white villages.

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Thessaloniki

Byzantine walls, a strong food scene and youthful energy.

Chania

A Venetian harbor town on Crete's northwest coast.

Mykonos

Windmills, whitewashed lanes and famous nightlife.