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Country book · Oceania

Australia

A continent-sized backyard with its own rules

Australia is a vast island continent where ancient Aboriginal culture, laid-back coastal life and some of the world's strangest wildlife all coexist. Cities cling to the coast while the outback stretches, mostly empty, into the interior.

Myths

What's true, what isn't

Actually true

  • Aboriginal culture is the oldest continuous culture on Earth

    Aboriginal Australians have lived on the continent for at least 65,000 years, with living traditions, art and languages still practised today.

  • Most people live within a short drive of the coast

    Over 85% of Australians live within 50km of the sea, leaving the vast interior 'outback' sparsely populated.

  • Wildlife really is uniquely dangerous and unique

    Australia has more venomous snake and spider species than anywhere on Earth, alongside marsupials found nowhere else, like the platypus.

  • Coffee culture rivals Europe's

    Melbourne in particular has an obsessive, highly skilled independent café scene that predates many international chains locally.

Commonly believed, wrong

  • "Everyone lives near dangerous wildlife constantly"

    Snake and spider encounters are rare for most city-dwelling Australians, who live urban, coastal lives far from remote bushland.

  • "It's always hot and dry everywhere"

    Tasmania and southern Victoria have genuinely cold, wet winters, and the Snowy Mountains get regular snowfall.

  • "Sydney is the capital"

    Canberra, a purpose-built city, is the actual national capital — a compromise between rivals Sydney and Melbourne.

  • "Kangaroos hop down the streets of every city"

    Kangaroos are common in rural and semi-rural areas but not a normal sight in Sydney or Melbourne's city centres.

Highlights

The best of Australia

The Great Barrier Reef

The world's largest coral reef system, visible from space and teeming with marine life off Queensland's coast.

Uluru and the Red Centre

A monolithic sandstone formation sacred to the Anangu people, glowing red at sunset in the desert.

Sydney Harbour

The Opera House and Harbour Bridge framing one of the world's most photogenic natural harbours.

Tasmania's wilderness

Cradle Mountain and pristine coastlines make Tasmania Australia's wildest, least-crowded escape.

Culture

Cultural riches

Aboriginal art and Dreamtime stories

Dot painting and oral storytelling traditions carry some of the oldest continuous cultural knowledge on Earth.

Beach and surf culture

Surf lifesaving clubs and beachside barbecues define an enormous amount of everyday social life.

Sport as social glue

Australian Rules Football, cricket and rugby league draw passionate crowds and dominate weekend conversation.

Multicultural food scene

Post-war immigration built a genuinely diverse food culture, from Melbourne's Italian cafés to Sydney's Vietnamese and Lebanese food strips.

Food

What to eat

Meat pie

A handheld savoury pie with minced meat and gravy, sold at every footy match and bakery.

Barramundi

A prized native fish, often grilled whole and central to modern Australian coastal cooking.

Lamington

Sponge cake cubes coated in chocolate and desiccated coconut, a national teatime classic.

Vegemite on toast

A salty, yeasty spread spread thinly on buttered toast — an acquired taste that's a genuine breakfast staple.

Flat white

Melbourne and Sydney's café culture perfected this espresso-and-microfoam milk coffee style.

Music

World-famous voices

AC/DC

The loudest rock export in history.

Kylie Minogue

Pop princess turned dance icon.

Tame Impala

Psych-pop for the modern era.

Sia

Songwriter and voice behind global hits.

INXS

80s rock at its most stylish.

History

Important people in history

Edith Cowan

1921–1924

First woman elected to an Australian parliament, a pioneer for women's political representation.

Robert Menzies

1939–1941, 1949–1966

Australia's longest-serving prime minister, shaping post-war economic and foreign policy.

Eddie Mabo

Landmark case, 1992

Indigenous land rights activist whose High Court case overturned the legal fiction of terra nullius.

Cities

Most popular cities